1587 – After 19 years imprisonment, Mary, Queen of Scots, is executed on suspicion of having been involved in the Babington Plot to murder her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I at Fotheringhay Castle, her execution a chilling scene redeemed by the great personal dignity with which she met her fate.
1693 – The College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia is granted a charter by King William III and Queen Mary II.
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1837 – Richard Johnson becomes the first Vice President of the United States chosen by the United States Senate.
1879 – Sandford Fleming first proposes adoption of Universal Standard Time at a meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute.
1854 – Quinine is used for the first time as a malaria preventive drug rather than as a cure.
1885 – The first government-approved Japanese immigrants arrived in Hawaii.
1887 – The Dawes Act authorizes the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land and divide it into individual allotments.
1952 – Elizabeth II is proclaimed Queen of the United Kingdom.
1971 – The NASDAQ stock market index opens for the first time.
1973 – Mohammed Shafiq became the first non-white P.C. to join the Lancashire Police.
1974 – After 84 days in space, the crew of Skylab 4, the last crew to visit American space station Skylab, returns to Earth.
1996 – The U.S. Congress passes the Communications Decency Act.
2009 – Chris Brown: R&B singer Chris Brown was arrested on suspicion of making a criminal threat (he was later sentenced to five years of probation for beating his longtime girlfriend, singer Rihanna).
2022 – Nigeria had its first Cross-Country Ski Olympian as Samuel Ikpefan, who was raised in the French alps, competed for Nigeria.
Famous Birth
John Towner Williams, 92
He is an American composer and conductor. In a career that has spanned seven decades, he has composed some of the most popular, recognizable and critically acclaimed film scores in cinema history.
John Ray Grisham, 69
He is an American novelist, lawyer, and former member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, known for his best-selling legal thrillers.
Abi Titmus, 48
Abigail Evelyn Titmuss is an English actress, television personality and poker player. She is also a former glamour model and nurse.
Bethany Hamilton, 34
Bethany Meilani Hamilton is an American professional surfer and writer who survived a 2003 shark attack in which her left arm was bitten off and who ultimately returned to professional surfing.
Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins (1807- 1894)
Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins was an English sculptor and natural history artist renowned for his work on the life-size models of dinosaurs in the Crystal Palace Park in south London. The models, accurately made using the latest scientific knowledge, created a sensation at the time.
Died at the age of 86.
