1455: The Gutenberg Bible is published
Johannes Gutenberg’s Bible edition was the first book ever printed in movable type, heralding the age of the printed book in the West.
1863: Lake Victoria, in Africa, was declared to be the source of the River Nile by British explorers John Speke and J A Grant.
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1917: The February Revolution begins in Russia
The demonstrations and armed clashes ultimately resulted in the demise of the Russian Empire.
1920: Africa becomes a commodity for debt payment as France offers two of its colonies to Britain. France needs to pay Britain for its WW I debt and is willing to give French Somaliland and Madagascar.
1941: Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg discovered the chemical element Plutonium. It is used as both a fuel and an explosive.
1945: During WWII, the German town of Pforzheim was annihilated in a raid by 379 British bombers.
Nearly one-third of the town’s population was killed in the air raid, and about 83% of the town’s buildings were destroyed.
1954: The first mass inoculation against polio is conducted.
Virologist Jonas Salk’s vaccine is still one of the two versions used today, along with Hilary Koprowski’s live polio vaccine.
1966: The autonomous Niger River Republic is declared by Nigeria Army Major Isaac Jasper Adaka Boro who considers armed revolt as the only way to ensure that Ijaw people receive their fair share of revenues from oil taken from their lands. Federal forces would put down the rebellion in 12 days.
1991: President H. W. Bush gave Iraq the ultimatum that they had 24 hours to get their forces out of Kuwait or face war.
2000: Mexican-born American musician Carlos Santana won eight Grammy Awards for Supernatural, tying the record set by Michael Jackson.
2019: Nigerian presidential election – President Muhammadu Buhari wins re-election defeating Atiku Abubakar, amid violence and a delay, on turnout of 35.6%.
Births on this day February 23
Naruhito is Emperor of Japan 64 years
Naruhito is Emperor of Japan. He acceded to the Chrysanthemum Throne on 1 May 2019, beginning the Reiwa era, following the abdication of his father, Akihito. He is the 126th monarch according to Japan’s traditional order of succession.
Michael Dell, 59 years
Michael Saul Dell is an American billionaire businessman and investor. He is the founder, chairman, and CEO of Dell Technologies, one of the world’s largest technology infrastructure companies.
Kelly Macdonald, 48 years
She is a Scottish actress. Known for her performances on film and television, she has received various accolades including a BAFTA Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, and four Screen Actors Guild Awards. Macdonald made her film debut in Danny Boyle’s Trainspotting.
Josh Gad, 43 years
Joshua Ilan Gad is an American actor. He is known for voicing Olaf in the Frozen franchise, playing Elder Arnold Cunningham in the Broadway musical The Book of Mormon, and playing Le Fou in the live-action adaptation of Disney’s Beauty and the Beast
Dakota Fanning, 30 years
Hannah Dakota Fanning is an American actress. She rose to prominence at the age of seven for her performance as Lucy Dawson in the drama film I Am Sam, for which she received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination at the age of eight, making her the youngest nominee in SAG history.
W.E.B. Du Bois (February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963)
William Edward Burkhart Du Bois was an American sociologist, socialist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist. Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up in a relatively tolerant and integrated community. He died at the age of 95.
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